An843 ds00843apage 2 2002 microchip technology inc. Advantages of 3 phase induction motor generally easy to build and cheaper than corresponding dc or synchronous motors. The induction motor is started by itself that we know. Induction motor is an ac electric motor, having a stator and a rotor just like other motors, but the working principle is a little different which would be discussed further.
Single phase induction motor the singlephase induction machine is the most frequently used motor for refrigerators, washing machines, clocks, drills, compressors, pumps, and so forth. Different motors are suitable for different applications. Massachusetts institute of technology department of electrical engineering and computer science 6. The threephase induction motor is the extensively used for various kinds of industrial drives. Although ac induction motors are easier to design than dc motors, the speed and the torque control in. Ppt induction motor powerpoint presentation free to. Sizes vary from fractional horsepower to several thousand horsepower used for such appli. Starting of 3 phase induction motors, high starting torque motors. Explain starting methods of 3 phase induction motor. More than 85% of industrial motors in use today are in fact induction motors. An induction motors rotor can be either wound type or squirrelcage type. A induction machine can be used as either a induction generator or a induction motor. An induction motor can be, squirrel cage induction motor. Introduction induction motors are the most widely used motors for appliances, industrial control, and automation.
Due to the various advantages of an induction motor, there is a wide range of applications of. The stator of an induction motor consists of 3phase windings, which when connected to a 3phase supply creates a rotating magnetic field. Protection of induction motors is important because most industrial applications use induction motors from the market due to their high robustness, reliability, low cost and maintenance and high e. Electric energy and induction motors the level of prosperity of a community is related to its capability to produce goods and services. Induction motor theory jerry bednarczyk, pe course content introduction the ac induction motor is well suited to applications requiring constant speed operation.
The rotor is the rotating part of the motor, whereas the stator works as the stationary part. Introduction to ac motors chapter ac motors pdf version. Single phase induction motor 1 introduction the singlephase induction machine is the most frequently used motor for refrigerators, washing machines, clocks, drills, compressors, pumps, and so forth. Induction motor rotor owing to the fact that the induction mechanism needs a relative difference between the motor speed and the stator flux speed, the induction motor rotates at a frequency near, but less than that of the synchronous speed. An887, ac induction motor fundamentals microchip technology. The last one is very important because a generator is a reverse motor.
Speed control of 3phase induction motor using pic18 microcontrollers. That is why we use a capacitor in the singlephase induction motor. One of the most common electric motors used in most applications is known as an induction motor. In synchronous ac motors, the rotor turns at exactly the same speed as the rotating magnetic field. Starting method for induction motors a 3phase induction motor is theoretically self starting. His new type of motor, the ac induction motor, is the workhorse of the industry to this day. Specific emphasis will be given to pump applications. An induction motor im is a type of asynchronous ac motor where power is supplied to. How an induction motor works by equations and physics introduction. The theoretical speed of the rotor in an induction motor depends on the frequency of.
The induction motor is made up of the stator, or stationary windings, and the rotor. How an induction motor works by equations and physics. The induction motors are simple and of rugged design, low maintenance, low. Ac induction motors are also the most common motors used in main powered home appliances. There are various types of electrical motors amongst single phase induction motor is being used frequently in domestic, industrial, and agricultural applications. In an induction motor, the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is obtained via electromagnetic induction from the rotating magnetic field of the stator winding. The rotor of an induction motor can be a squirrel cage rotor or wound type rotor. The singlephase induction motor is the most frequently used motor for. There are two types of induction motors, one is named as single phase induction motor, while the second one is named as 3 phase induction motor. Introduction to ac motors ac motors electronics textbook. Im transform electrical energy into mechanical energy.
Im is a type of asynchronous ac motor where power is supplied to the rotating device by means of electromagnetic induction. The main advantage of these motors is their ability to. Induction motors in practice what controls the speed of an ac motor. An induction motor can therefore be made without electrical connections to the rotor. Induction motors are generally two types as we see in the previous article. Ac induction motors how ac motors work explain that stuff. Not only in industries, but even in most of the home appliances, the induction motors are used. The scalar controls are easy to implement though the dynamics are sluggish. A 3 phase induction motor can be used for different applications with various speed and load requirements. The three phase induction motors are simple in construction, rugged, low cost and easy to maintain. But producing goods and services is strongly related to the use of energy in an intelligent way. Unit 16 electric motors objectives after studying this unit, the student will be able to state the purpose of an electric motor. Thus from the working principle of three phase induction motor, it may be observed that the rotor speed should not reach the synchronous speed produced by the stator.
Principle of operation of single phase induction motor. Introduction this manual provides information on how to safely install, couple to the driven equipment, and maintain the toshiba squirrel cage mediumvoltage induction motor. Induction motor seminar ppt, pdf report main parts of the induction motor there are two main parts of an induction motor named as the rotor and the stator. An843, speed control of 3phase induction motor using. The frequency and speed of the motor, with respect to.
Motion and temperature heat control are paramount in energy. For example, in a credit cards the magnetic strips on the back of the card or in order to generate voltage in motors. Ac introduction motors have been used in traction applications for a. We saw the working principle of squirrel cage induction motor which is the same in all induction motor. Introduction the threephase induction motor is the extensively used for various kinds of industrial drives. For reason of economy, most houses, offices and also rural areas are supplied with single phase a. C supply to stator winding flux generated in the stator winding. Induction motors are the commonest type of motor and account for a very large proportion of heavy duty motors. There are two basic reasons for the use of singlephase motors rather than 3phase motors. If the speeds become equal, there would be no such relative speed, so no emf induced in the rotor, and no current would be flowing, and therefore no torque would be generated. In general, the induction motor is cheaper and easier to maintain compared to other alternatives. An induction motor also known as an asynchronous motor is a commonly used ac electric motor. Induction motors are widely used in the industries for motion control system applications. Unit 16 electric motors washington state university.
College mosul, northern technical university singlephase induction motors. Introduction ac induction motors are the most common motors used in industrial motion control systems, as well as in main powered home appliances. The ac induction motor is the most used electrical motor in industrial applications worldwide. Other motors that are included are 1phase induction motors, permanent synchronous motors and synchronous reluctance motors. The objective of foc is to achieve a similar type of controller with an inner torque control loop which makes the motor respond very fast to the. They are also critical components in many commercially available equipments and industrial processes. Its ruggedness and simplicity make for long life, high reliability, and low maintenance.
The introduction to induction machine is an important class of electric machines which finds wide applicability as a motor in industry and in its singlephase form in several domestic applications. Introduction constant speed motors motors induction motors. Due to this flux rotor current induced and rotor flux also generated. When the 3 phase supply is provided to the stator, a magnetic field is produced which rotates the rotor and motor. An induction motor or asynchronous motor is an ac electric motor in which the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is obtained by electromagnetic induction from the magnetic field of the stator winding. Applications of single phase induction motor these are used in low power applications and widely used in domestic applications as well as industrial. The topic lies under the basic electrical and electronics engineering course that.
Horizontal squirrel cage mediumvoltage induction motor. Introduction to induction motor the engineering projects. Selection of induction motors for industrial applications. This will link and cut the rotor conductors which in turn will induce a current in the rotor conductors and.
Single phase induction motor speed control this project is designed to control the speed of a singlephase induction motor by using operating knob, which is commonly used in home automation applications. This tutorial will introduce the user to the fundamental electrical and mechanical principles of ac electric induction motor design and application. This article will deal with those concepts of 3 phase induction motor which are essential prerequisite for proper selection, procurement, installation and maintenance of the same. Introduction to induction motor instrumentation and. Analytic design evaluation of induction machines january 12, 2006 c 2005 james l. Pdf an introduction to ac induction motor control on. Sfoc of induction motor im drives estimate the mechanical. The most typically used electrical machines are electric motors which are used for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy. The singlephase motor stator has a laminated iron core with two windings arranged perpendicularly. Hi all, let us begin the course on induction motors, in this video, we will have an introduction and basic construction concepts.
The theory used in the work was collected by studying literature on how electrical motors work, and by simplifying the. What is common to all the members of this family is that the basic physical process involved in their operation is the conversion of electromagnetic energy. Introduction the control of ac machine is basically classified into scalar and vector control. The squirrel cage induction motor was designed for an extended service life under very demanding. Applications of threephase induction motors of size varying from half a kilowatt to. Watch this video to understand the working principals of the three phase induction motors. The electric energy generated purchased by consumers for different needs. This motor is also called an asynchronous motor because it operates at a speed less than its synchronous speed.
1052 1300 1024 762 564 914 665 891 793 258 555 1096 1435 671 779 1137 86 621 414 1172 759 1399 1143 644 22 271 1518 617 1395 506 1348 922 1407 1172 773 1043 831 871 54 653 233 746 1103 828 1346 248 219